Title 15 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) includes Export Administration Regulations (EAR). They are found in sections 730-774 of 15 CFR. These regulations are created and implemented by the Department of Commerce (DOC), Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) andย regulate the export of goods as well as related technology identified on the Commodity Control List (CCL). In addition, the EAR implements anti-boycott law and other provisions.

Structure of the EAR

The EAR are organized in a structured and logical manner. Trade professionals should familiarize themselves with the titles and introductory sections of the parts of the EAR including:

730

GENERAL INFORMATION

732

STEPS FOR USING THE EAR

734

SCOPE OF THE EXPORT ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS

736

GENERAL PROHIBITIONS

738

COMMERCE CONTROL LIST OVERVIEW AND THE COUNTRY CHART

740

LICENSE EXCEPTIONS

742

CONTROL POLICY CCL BASED CONTROLS

743

SPECIAL REPORTING

744

CONTROL POLICY: END-USER AND END-USE BASED

745

CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION REQUIREMENTS

746

EMBARGOES AND OTHER SPECIAL CONTROLS

747

SPECIAL IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION LICENSE

748

APPLICATIONS (CLASSIFICATION, ADVISORY, AND LICENSE) AND DOCUMENTATION

750

APPLICATION PROCESSING, ISSUANCE, AND DENIAL

752

SPECIAL COMPREHENSIVE LICENSE

754

SHORT SUPPLY CONTROLS

756

APPEALS

758

EXPORT CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS

760

RESTRICTIVE TRADE PRACTICES OR BOYCOTTS

762

RECORDKEEPING

764

ENFORCEMENT AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES

766

ADMINISTRATIVE ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS

768

FOREIGN AVAILABILITY DETERMINATION PROCEDURES AND CRITERIA

770

INTERPRETATIONS

772

DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

774

THE COMMERCE CONTROL LIST

 

License Requirements

Part 732 of EAR provides guidance about whether or not a transaction is subject to the EAR and whether it requires a license. Some of the reasons for which a license may be required are described below:

  • If an item is on the CCL and the Country Chart in Part 738 of the EAR indicates that a license is required for that country
  • Based on the end-use or end-user in a transaction, primarily for proliferation reasons
  • Any exports to embargoed destinations

When Do i Need an Export License?

Determining if an export license is required can be one of the more complex questions in trade compliance. ย Although most products to not require a license, non-compliance can have substantial negative impacts on a business. ย In addition, several U.S. agencies are involved in licensure adding to complexity. ย The EAR are very detailed and contain lengthy technical descriptions. They can be intimidating, but they allow trade professionals to ascertain the appropriate control status. The detailed listings of technical parameters in the CCL establish precise, objective criteria. Much of which is derived from multilaterally adopted lists.Visiting the CBP or BIS websites is not adequate to demonstrate reasonable care. In general, a fully documented compliance plan, an expert review of items and a sound global trade content database are needed to help determine if an export license is needed.

 

What is EAR99?

An EAR99 is a type of classification. In general, it means that an item is subject to the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) but does not have a specific Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) on the CCL. However, some EAR99 items may still require a license or further due diligence on behalf of the shipper. Exports of an EAR99 item to a denied party, embargoed country, an end-user of concern or in support of a prohibited end-use may require an export license.

Proper Denied Party Screening (DPS) is required to determine if an EAR99 product needs a license as well as other factors.ย Again, the right trade content technology can help enable compliance.

 

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